Dowel-joint.



No. 798,706. PATENTBD SEPT. 5, 1905. B. C. ROGKWELL.

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BYhl) (l. lt()(.`flilf\fllili, OF DICH LA, Alliil N S115, ASSI( NOlt'.l() ltOUvKll'ICLL MANUFAUTURING CO., A CORP()NATION OF Ahlx'ANSAS.

DOWEL-JOINT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 5, 1905.

Application filed June 27,1904. Serial No. 214,410.

in the county of Hot Springs and State of Arkansas, have invented a newand useiful Dowel-Jrnnt, of which the Vfollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to dowel-joints, and has for its object toprovide an improved joint of this character which is capable of beingconveniently assembled and does not require the employment of anyVfastening' means additional to the inertise and the dowel.

Vhile the present joint has been especially designed for useinthenuinu'faeture of wooden doors, frames, and the like, it is of coursecapable of use in various relations.

llritlh these and other objects in view the present invention consistsin the combination and arrangement of parts as will be hcreinaf ter moreVfully described, shown in the accompanying drawings, and particularlypointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that changes inthe form, proportion, size, and minor details may be made within thescope of the claims without departing' from the spirit or saciificiiigany of the advantages of the invention.

1n the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of a corner-jointhaving parts broken away to show the present form of joint. Fig. Q is adetail perspective view of the dowel. Fig. 3 is a sectional viewillustrating one oi' the iiiortises employed in connection with thepresent invention.

Like characters of reference designate corresponding parts in each andevery ligure of' the drawings.

The dowel 1 of the present invention is formed of wood and substantiallyrectangular in cross-section, so as to prevent turning of the samewithin the stock to which it is applied and in some instances is squareand in other instances oblong. Each end of the dowel is tapered, as at2, to facilitate t-lie entrance thereof into a mortise, and one end is,furthermore, split or provided with a loiigitudinal bifurcation 3 forthe reception of a wedge 1 to spread the split terminal of the dowel andinsure a snug engagement thereof with the walls of the mortise. Thathalf of the dowel which is split or bifurcated is provided with edgenotches 5, with their abrupt faces or shoulders facing toward the middleof thedowel and their beveled walls inclining toward the split end ofthe dowel. Facef notches t3 are formed in the dowel at opposite sides ofthe bifurcation 3 and intermediate of the ends thereof.

ln employing' the present invention Vfor 6o ,iointing door-frames therail T is provided with a longitudinal niortise 8, and the notched endof the dowel is driven into the niortise until the wedges strikes theback of the mortise and-spreads the split portion of the dowel, so as toinsure a snug engagement of the stock of the rail T with theface-notches G, the stock also expanding' into the notches 5, thereby toprevent endwise looseness of the dowel. The stile E) is provided with amortise consisting of offset members 10 and 1.1, the member 1l) beingcut from the inner edge of the stock and the member 1,1 cut from theouter edge thereof, thereby producing shoulders 12 and 13, and when thesmooth end portion of the dowel is driven into the mortise in the stilethe beveled end of the dowel will be deflected by the shoulder 13 anddirected into the outer mortise member 11, whereby the dowel will bebent, as indicated in Fig. 1, and expanded into the notches produced bythe shoulders 1Q and 13, wlieieby the dowel will be held against endwiselooseness in the stile.

From the foregoing description it will be understood that the dowel islocked in the niortises by reason of the stock of the rail expandinginto the notches of the dowel and by reason of the dowel being bent andexpanded into the notches in the niortises of the stile, whereby thedowel is locked against endwise looseness without the employment ofextraneous fastenings. The wedge 1 can be employed in the rail only forthe reason that the inner end of the mortise 8 is closed, and thereforehas a wall against which the wedge may engage, while the mortise in thestile is open at opposite ends by reason of the fact that it isnecessary to cut the mortise from opposite edges of the stile to producethe offset niortise members. The wooden dowcls should be formed of stockwhich has been thoroughly dried to prevent shrinkage of the dowel, sothat whatever shrinkage may occur will be in the stock having' themortise, which will tend to grip the dowel more snugly, and therebymaintain a rigid assemblage of the parts regardless of climaticconditions and changes. Under these circumstances if the rail and stileIOO do not shrink the dowel may swell, which will bring about the. sameresult and maintain a tight joint.

Ordinarily that end of the dowel which is not bifurcated will be smoothand free from notches; but I contemplate providing lnotches arranged forengagement With the shoulders 12 and 13 of the mortise in the stile.

The mortises in the rail and stile are set IO square with the stock andare angular in shape, as is the dowel that engages them, to permit thedowel to beso seated in the rail that the maximum resistance offered to'the Wedge either by the growth of the grain or Width or' Ythe stock inthe rail is easily obtained Without effecting the assemblage or' thestile members.

In forming the mortise in the stile .care should be taken thatthemortise members l0 2O and 11 be ol'set longitudinally of the stile inorder that the maximum lateral resistance of "f thefstile may beobtained.

Having fully described the invention, what is claimed is- `l. A mortiseand doWel-joint including a mortise having an offset portion and doxveldriven into the mortise and bent by an offset the rail, and a doWel-pinhav-ing oneiend p0r-V tion notched and driven into themortise of therailand its oppositeend .portion smooth and driven into the mortise oi'the stile and bent by the oiset portion thereof to grip theitenonagainst the shoulders v*produced Vby the offset portion.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto aiiixed.mysignature in the presenceof two Witnesses.

BYRD .0. ROOKWELL. lfitnesses:

D. D. -MADDRL GRovnR B.,Su1fr r1.

